ADHD Prescription Abuse at Northeastern :: College Study Drugs Education Essays

ADHD Prescription Abuse at Northeastern Northeastern middler Gary Brown* reclines his small frame on a couch in his Mission Hill apartment. He looks like a patient on a psychiatrist's couch as he dictates his history of abuse with Ritalin and Adderall. â€Å"I started going to concerts with a friend who had a prescription and whose nickname was Bradderall,† Brown said. Ritalin and Adderall are prescription drugs commonly used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD. Brown has never been diagnosed with ADHD but he started taking the drugs recreationally as a college freshman to have energy for concerts and for partying into the early morning hours. Soon after, Brown began taking Ritalin to study for exams. Brown was taking the pills about six times a week. â€Å"It’s pretty easy to get,† Brown said. The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) cites Ritalin, or Methylphenidate, as a central nervous system stimulant that has a focusing and calming effect on children and adults diagnosed with ADHD. The National Institute of Mental Health estimates that 3–5% of the general population has ADHD, which is characterized as hyperactivity, impulsivity, and inattention. This statistic indicates that one child in every classroom in America has ADHD. But Brown is not part of this 3-5% of the population. For Brown and others without the disorder, ADHD medications increase dopamine levels in the brain, giving the user a sense of euphoria similar to cocaine. Students at Northeastern University as well as other campuses are consuming these drugs for better academic performance and a cheap high on the college party scene. Students are taking Ritalin, Addrall, and the newest drug on the market, Conserta, either orally or crushing and snorting them to study, party, or lose weight. In some cases, kids are melting them down and shooting them up. According to Northeastern students, the drugs are very cheap and very accessible. â€Å"Drugs like Adderall, Ritalin, and Conserta that make you focused and industrious can be very useful,† said Jeff Smith*, a Northeastern student. Like Brown, Smith had never taken these prescriptions commonly called â€Å"study drugs† before coming to college. Smith cites increasing academic pressure as a reason for using the pills to focus and gain an edge. Both Brown and Smith receive free pills from their friends who have prescriptions but they would expect to pay $2-$5 a pill if they had to. In 2000 , NIDA’s Community Epidemiology Work Group found the abuse of methylphenidate (Ritalin) in Boston to be prevalent amongst middle and high school students; especially in middle- and upper-middle class communities.

Based on Kolberg’s Scale

On Kohlberg’s scale, I consider myself to be on the conventional level, Level II. I can say that I still react to my family’s expectations. Not so much of my peers, because I’ve learned that everyone have their personal opinions to everything. Sometimes, even unsolicited advices are given, I don’t intend to be rude to them in any way, therefore, I take it as creative criticism. These things happen all the time. I do conform to the norms that I learned at home and in school, not so much from the church though because I have not been an active member for some time now. I do understand the moral norms and rules and how they must be followed. Growing up, family played a significant role in my life. I can truly say that I am who I am today because of them. I was taught that for as long as I live the right way, not hurting anyone along the way, and being thankful for what I have, I will be happy. There were times that I have made the wrong choices, but for the most part, I didn’t forget my parent’s teachings. For instance, getting in trouble with the law for fighting or being disruptive, I eventually grew out of it and learned that maybe violence is not the way to do things. For the most part, having a decent conversation or as simple as talking about the problem will eventually solve the misunderstanding and everything can end well. I don’t see myself on the third level only because I haven’t come to the point where I question why things are the way they are. I know the difference between right and wrong, and I definitely think that’s more important than looking for explanations.

Organizational Culture in Libraries Essay

Assignment Topic: One of the main ways in which the ‘veil of incorporation’ can be lifted is when directors breach their duties. This essay question is set around the duty to prevent insolvent trading. You will need to have read the chapter in your prescribed text that deals with this duty and have then researched more widely by looking at other textbooks, the relevant CCH online library, articles from the internet and journal articles. You must answer both parts of this topic. Please make sure you have REFERENCED in the body of your work ACCURATELY,. Remember, referencing shows you have researched and thought about what material will be relevant to assist you in answering the questions. Read the following scenario and answer BOTH parts (questions) at the end. OHS Solutions Pty. Ltd. is a company formed by three friends (Des, Satish and Emma) who bring different skills and abilities to the business. Emma is an accounting graduate, Des has expertise in occupational health and safety (OHS) and Satish has an IT degree. They decided to start up a business which would provide a portal through which the public and businesses could access (for free) information on all aspects of OHS. OHS Solutions would finance its business, and make profits, by charging businesses to advertise via their website. The directors of OHS Solutions are: Managing Director – Des Finance Director – Emma (non executive) Director – Satish (executive – employed also to run the technological side of the business) Director – Ying (non executive) – a friend of Des’ and director of Support Pty. Ltd. (Support Pty. Ltd. has gone guarantor for a $50,000 loan from the Business Bank Ltd. to OHS Solutions) The Shareholders of OHS Solutions (holding equal amounts of ordinary shares) are Des, Emma, Satish and Support Pty. Ltd. As at January 2007 OHS Solutions had been operating for six months. It had  some initial IT problems which prevented some of the advertisers’ material from being accessed. In order to try to help overcome these technical problems Satish engaged Trouble Shooters Pty. Ltd. At the February Board meeting, Satish reported that two businesses who had paid to advertise on the website were dissatisfied with what was happening and were threatening to sue for breach of contract. Emma was unable to table any financial information as the employee who had been doing the accounts had been sick and when Emma looked at the records she found that they seemed to be in a bit of a mess. She did find a large account from Trouble Shooters that was over due. Des reported that he was disturbed by this news. He had been told by Satish that the IT problems had been fixed since Trouble Shooters had been engaged, and he had just signed a $10,000 advertising contract with Promotions Plus Pty. Ltd. to advertise the website and signed up to go to a trade show to be held in conjunction with a forthcoming OHS conference. He said this was needed because a number of high profile advertisers were threatening to discontinue their association with OHS Solutions unless the portal became better known. Ying just listens in disbelief at the March Board meeting. It seemed to her that OHS Solutions is being poorly managed and is failing to make the most of a potentially profitable business opportunity. This could present an opportunity for Support Pty. Ltd. to make an offer to buy OHS Solutions at a good price. On the other hand Support Pty. Ltd. is exposed as a guarantor. Assume she consults you, an accountant, for your preliminary view about the predicament of OHS Solutions and what she should do. Assume also that the first thing that comes to your mind is whether Ying herself may be vulnerable as a director of OHS Solutions for failing to prevent OHS Solutions from trading when it is insolvent.

Chef Yancy Essay Example

Chef Yancy Essay Example Chef Yancy Essay Chef Yancy Essay The Trends that I’m making today is about cupcakes. The cupcakes has been the reigning sweet of pop civilization for some old ages now. animating non merely recipes entirely but manner graphics and collectables. The New York Times have been stand foring all types of cupcakes for illustration marshmallow cupcakes. Brownies. caramel. pudding and cocoa bit. The First reference of the cupcake can be traced as far back in 1796. when a recipes notation of a ’Cake Cookery . The earliest certification of the term cupcake was in 70 five formulas pastry. Cakes and Sweets meets in 1828 in Elizabeth Leslie’s formula cook book. In the nineteenth century they use to bake Cakes in clayware cups. remake or casts. Then took their name from the cups that were baked in. This is the usage of the name that has remain. and the names of Cup Cake is now given to any little bar that is the size of a teacup. The other sort of Cup Cake referred to a bar whose ingredients were measured by volume. utilizing a standard-sized cup. alternatively of being weighed. Recipes whose ingredient were measured utilizing a standard-sized cup could besides be baked in cups ; nevertheless. they were more commonly baked in Sns as beds or loaves. Subsequently on when the usage of volume measuring was acknowledge in place kitchen these formulas became known as 1234 bars or one-fourth bars. so call because they are made up of four ingredients. One cup of butter. two cups of sugar. three cups of flour. and flour eggs. They are obviously xanthous bars. less rich. and less expensive than lb bars. The name of those two major classed of bars were intended to signal the method of baker. Cup Cakes uses a volume measuring and Pound Cakes uses a weight of measuring. Now day’s cupcakes are really popular they have been around for many old ages in different bakeshops. eating house and chiefly food market shops. There are some many alone cupcakes out at that place such as Bee Sleet cupcakes. Black Cat cupcakes. Chocolate Chip cupcakes. Black Cherry cupcakes. and my favourite Strawberry cupcakes with the jimmiess. Cup bars are truly non that expensive and everyone loves cupcakes. I even make them myself at place. Do I believe that cupcakes are of all time traveling to stop NO But I read that a few old ages back that shops drew a line stating that the sugar high might be over. Stating that it didn’t have the epicurean that it one time had. In the early twenty-first century a tendency for cupcakes stores. which are specialised bakeshops that sell small or nil except cupcakes. was develop in the United States. playing off of the sense of nostalgia evoked by the bars. In the New York City. cupcakes stores like Magnolia Bakery gained promotion in their visual aspects on popular telecasting shows like HBO’s and Sex and the City. Crumbs Bake Shop. a promotion traded concern running the largest cupcakes store concatenation in the U. S. reached its peak stock monetary value in 2011. Worsening gross revenues. due to competition from locally owned mom- and- dad forte shops every bit good as increased competition from food market shops. caused a crisp diminution in the company’s chance and stock monetary values in 2013. Which made the Wall Street Journal studies that the market for luxury cupcakes Dallas bakeshops like scattering Cupcakes or Creme de la cookies is all but done for. Rumors has it that Crumb is one of many cupcakes sellers around the state they’ve unfastened in the past decennary with a focal point on calories- loaded pastries and premium monetary values to fit. And yet the concatenation is presently sing important downward gesture: 2013 gross revenues to approximately $ 57 million a downward that Crumb blames in portion on Hurricane Sandy. But reading on assorted analysts. the Journal found plentifulness of pessimism to travel about: as Darren Tristano. executive frailty president of nutrient industry consulting house Technomic put it. the cupcake crazed was merely a short-run tendency. Their starting to see a existent saturation†¦ Demand is level. And rather honestly. people can bake cupcakes. Of class those within the industry. like Yogen Fruz co-founder Michael Serruya. takes the opposite position: Serruya merely did a 10 million fiscal trade with Crumb and says the gourmet- otherwise. Which mean that decidedly hold confident that cupcakes was traveling to be about for a really long clip. On the expensive field of cupcakes I truly don’t think that cupcakes are truly expensive. I think that they should maintain cupcakes about longer because they have came up with all types of different cupcakes. Different manners of cupcakes and they besides came up with a cupcake bar for kids. Besides if there wasn’t for cupcakes how would coat would of all time be bing. It this one bakeshop in Chicago where I use to travel up as a child around my old house and I that bakeshop is still standing today. That tells you that cupcakes are still at that place. I don’t believe its how you make the cupcake I think it is where you sell the cupcakes at. For blink of an eyes If I was to travel to a egular vicinity and I see a bakeshop that is closed down that state me that whatever they where selling in that bakeshop that did non win and likely travel to another location. The most popular topographic point around the universe that sells the best doughnuts is Dunkin’ Donuts. Since Dunkin’ Donuts’ comparable gross revenues growing stood at 2. 8 in 2011. The figure accelerated to 7. 2 % in the first one-fourth of 2012 helped by the debut of new menu points such as Hillshire sausage sandwich in the 4th one-fourth of 2011 and Angus steak and egg sand which at the start of 2012. These offerings besides helped clients view Dunkin as a eating house concatenation offering more than merely java or doughnuts. Further the sale of Dunkin Donut K-cups compatible with Keurig individual cup beer makers. is besides a hiking the gross revenues at its eating house. Comp gross revenues slowed to 4 % in the 2nd one-fourth. which was by and large in line with the company outlook. We expect the figure to remain in a similar scope in the long term. Dunkin’ Donuts plans to duplicate the figure of eating house in the U. S. to 15. 000 in the following 20 old ages. In 2012. the eating house concatenation added 260-280 eating house in the U. S. The company still has no presence in the province of California. were it is working on constructing infrastructural demand needed to back up its operations. The western portion of the U. S. represent a important growing chance for Dunkin since its incursion is merely one shop for one million people. There are other provinces to. like Texas. were the eating house concatenation has a limited presence and had late unveiled programs to spread out rapidly. Since the eating house are franchised. merely a fraction of the entire capital outgo is incurred by Dunkin’ . In 2011 the eating house concatenation added 243 mercantile establishment in the U. S. while capital outgo for the entire company stood at $ 19 million. So. they don’t expect its enlargement thrust to set a strain on its balance sheet. Well I know that decidedly have to look out for Starbucks the greater the presence. the more hard its gets to prolong high comp gross revenues since the new restaurant start cannibalising the gross revenues of bing 1s. Starbucks faces similar state of affairs back in 2008 which forced it to close some of its shops in the U. S due to spread outing excessively rapidly. I have a $ 34 monetary value estimation for Dunkin Brands. which is about 15 % above the current market monetary value. So you see if it wasn’t for Dunkin’ Donuts for maintaining their selling trade name up it would likely be really difficult for us to happen and delightful doughnuts. I can candidly state that I love Dunkin’ Donuts and I shop their all the clip. I can believe Starbucks will even seek to come out. Quite frankly I think Starbucks are a clump of transcript cats and at any sum of clip I think at that place small tendency is traveling to travel down the drain. And to my cognition there is no donut topographic point that isn’t better that Dunkin’ Donuts.

Endothermic and Exothermic Chemical Reactions

Endothermic and Exothermic Chemical Reactions Many chemical reactions release energy in the form of heat, light, or sound. These are exothermic reactions. Exothermic reactions may occur spontaneously and result in higher randomness or entropy (ΔS 0ï » ¿) of the system. They are denoted by a negative heat flow (heat is lost to the surroundings) and decrease in enthalpy (ΔH 0). In the lab, exothermic reactions produce heat or may even be explosive. There are other chemical reactions that must absorb energy in order to proceed. These are endothermic reactions. Endothermic reactions cannot occur spontaneously. Work must be done in order to get these reactions to occur. When endothermic reactions absorb energy, a temperature drop is measured during the reaction. Endothermic reactions are characterized by positive heat flow (into the reaction) and an increase in enthalpy (ΔH). Examples of Endothermic and Exothermic Processes Photosynthesis is an example of an endothermic chemical reaction. In this process, plants use the energy from the sun to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This reaction requires 15MJ of energy (sunlight) for every kilogram of glucose that is produced: sunlight 6CO2(g) H2O(l) C6H12O6(aq) 6O2(g) Other examples of endothermic processes include: Dissolving ammonium chloride in waterCracking alkanesNucleosynthesis of elements heavier than nickel in starsEvaporating liquid waterMelting ice An example of an exothermic reaction is the mixture of sodium and chlorine to yield table salt. This reaction produces 411 kJ of energy for each mole of salt that is produced: Na(s) 0.5Cl2(s) NaCl(s) Other examples of exothermic processes include: The thermite reactionA neutralization reaction (e.g., mixing an acid and a base to form a salt and water)Most polymerization reactionsCombustion of a fuelRespirationNuclear fissionCorrosion of metal (an oxidation reaction)Dissolving an acid in water Demonstrations You Can Perform Many exothermic and endothermic reactions involve toxic chemicals, extreme heat or cold, or messy disposal methods. An example of a quick exothermic reaction is dissolving powdered laundry detergent in your hand with a bit of water. An example of an easy endothermic reaction is dissolving potassium chloride (sold as a salt substitute) in your hand with water. These endothermic and exothermic demonstrations are safe and easy: Exciting Exothermic Reactions to Try: Heat things up with one of these simple exothermic reaction demonstrations.Create an Endothermic Reaction: Some endothermic reactions get cold enough to cause frostbite. Heres an example of a reaction safe enough for kids to touch.How to Create an Exothermic Chemical Reaction: Some exothermic reactions produce flames and get extremely hot (like the thermite reaction). Here is a safe exothermic reaction that produces heat but wont start fires or cause a burn.Make Hot Ice From Vinegar and Baking Soda: Sodium acetate or hot ice can be used as either an endothermic or exothermic reaction, depending on whether you are crystallizing or melting the solid. Endothermic vs Exothermic Comparison Heres a quick summary of the differences between endothermic and exothermic reactions: Endothermic Exothermic heat is absorbed (feels cold) heat is released (feels warm) energy must be added for reaction to occur reaction occurs spontaneously disorder decreases (ΔS 0) entropy increases (ΔS 0) increase in enthalpy (+ΔH) decrease in enthalpy (-ΔH) Endergonic and Exergonic Reactions Endothermic and exothermic reactions refer to the absorption or release of heat. There are other types of energy which may be produced or absorbed by a chemical reaction. Examples include light and sound. In general, reactions involving energy may be classified as endergonic or exergonic, An endothermic reaction is an example of an endergonic reaction. An exothermic reaction is an example of an exergonic reaction. Key Facts Endothermic and exothermic reactions are chemical reactions that absorb and release heat, respectively.A good example of an endothermic reaction is photosynthesis. Combustion is an example of an exothermic reaction.The categorization of a reaction as endo- or exothermic depends on the net heat transfer. In any given reaction, heat is both absorbed and released. For example, energy must be input into a combustion reaction to start it (lighting a fire with a match), but then more heat is released than was required. Resources and Further Reading Qian, Y.†Z., et al. â€Å"Diverse Supernova Sources for the r†Process.† The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 494, no. 1, 10 Feb. 1998, pp. 285-296, doi:10.1086/305198.Yin, Xi, et al. â€Å"Self-Heating Approach to the Fast Production of Uniform Metal Nanostructures.† Chemistry of Nanomaterials for Energy, Biology and More, vol. 2, no. 1, 26 Aug. 2015, pp. 37-41, doi:10.1002/cnma.201500123.

Recycling trash in azerbaijan Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Recycling trash in azerbaijan - Essay Example Eurasian Recycling LLC will seek to resolve this issue by taking in waste from towns at nominal fees and making recycled products from it. If the company is able to address this problem, the independent waste collectors will pay the premium price, as they will have to negotiate with the company. The company has two value propositions for end user consumers of compost or recycled trash and municipalities. For the municipalities, the company will offer budget-saving and cost-effective services that will help in addressing problems of waste disposal in Ganja City and its environs. In addition, for the end users, it will provide a valuable revitalization of the soil in terms of tillage, water retention, structural stability, and porosity (Stevens et al 17). Therefore, by acquiring trash from the municipalities around Ganja, the company will recycle and compost it for the customers to buy at a profit. The market niche for the product is the organic soil enrichment market with most farmers still using inorganic fertilizers. These include farmers and nursery owners, as well as resident landscapers. There is room for growth in the organic soil enhancement market as more farmers move away from chemical fertilizers (Stevens et al 17). Eurasia Recycling LLC’s major product is r ecycled household organic waste to be used in farms, while the major service involves offering municipalities around Ganja City alternative ways to dispose of organic household waste that is collected around the city. The waste collection service is not perishable because there will always be waste, while the eventual product is not perishable either because agriculture is the economic backbone of Azerbaijan (Stevens et al 17). In addition, the product is responding to trends in the market, which is organic farming, and will hold for the foreseeable

A history of the play and the playwright plus a list of works Essay

A history of the play and the playwright plus a list of works referenced - Essay Example He was, in the eyes of the world, an ordinary young man. But he was soon to prove them wrong. Shakespeare came into the picture in 1592, as an actor and dramatist. The exact date of his entrance in the theatrical world is as yet, not known, but it is believed to be the late 1500s. And still, the first published work of the infamous William Shakespeare was seven years after his demise, in the year 1616, a result of the efforts of his companions and colleagues. It was called, The Great Folio of 1623 (Honigmann 1-12). His works were considered classic during his lifetime, but the fame was nothing which came after his demise. Shakespeare’s plays and sonnets mostly followed the genre of tragedy, yet in the later part of his career, he wrote romantics, or tragic comedies. But it was the tragedies that really took place into the hearts and souls of men. He gave authenticity to his tragedies by relating them to real historical instances; however, the plays were not in the exact timeli ne of these instances (Bevington 50-68). His tragedies are renowned for a reason. â€Å"Shakespeare’s language, his insight into the characters, and his dramaturgical inventiveness set his tragedies apart from any else† (McAlindon 1-22). Any exceptional play or book is exalted in the words, â€Å"like a Shakespearean tragedy†. However, no tragedy can ever touch the bar set by Shakespeare. It is that reason that his tragic works became so distinguished. â€Å"A tragedy is an intense exploration of suffering and evil focused on the experience of an exceptional individual, distinguished by rank or character or both† and Shakespeare’s had it and more (McAlindon 1-22). One such Shakespearean Tragedy was the story of Caesar. Shakespeare’s main source for the play is Plutarch's famous biography  The Life of Julius Caesar, written in Greek in the 1st century and translated into English in 1579 by Sir Thomas North. The Tragedy of Julius Caesar was published in the First Folio in 1623; however, it was performed on stage before that. The earliest performance of the play that has been recorded was in Shakespeare’s time. It was held in the Globe Theatre (possibly), on the twenty first of September, 1599 (Ripley 13-14). It was Thomas Platter, a Swiss traveller, who saw and recorded this play which has been the earliest record of The Tragedy of Julius Caesar. According to his memoirs, the play was performed by excellent actors in a â€Å"strewn roof-house† at around 2 o’clock after dinner (Ripley). Shakespeare’s writing on Caesar was not the first, nor was it the last. Many writers wrote before him about the great Caesar, and even more wrote after Shakespeare. Yet none was able to capture the beauty of the story; no one portrayed better the betrayals, the morbid qualities, the desperation and the love in the story. It therefore, became most known as Shakespeare’s tragedy, rather than being known a s one of his numerous works. In fact, among all of Shakespeare’s plays, Caesar stands ninth in theatrical popularity; Macbeth, Othello Hamlet and such preceding it (Raffel xvii-xix). Caesar himself appears very few times throughout the play, however. It is the chaos that reigns after his death that captivates the audience. A particularly famous one that I love is the twentieth century production by Orson Welles. George Orson Welles remains one of the most famous of all Hollywood’s directors. He was also a writer and his take on this play